Madagascar vs Japan
Madagascar has a population of 31.7M, compared to Japan's 123.2M. Japan is 3.9 times more populous than Madagascar. Economically, Japan ($4.03T) has a GDP 231.2 times larger than Madagascar's ($17.4B). Madagascar covers 587,041 km², 1.6 times larger than Japan's 377,930 km². Life expectancy in Japan stands at 84.0 years, 20.4 years higher than Madagascar's 63.6 years.
MadagascarJapan| Population | -74.2%31.7M | +288.3%123.2M |
| Area | +55.3%587,041 km² | -35.6%377,930 km² |
| GDP | -99.6%$17.4B | +23019.9%$4.03T |
| GDP Per Capita | -98.3%$544.988 | +5861.1%$32,487.078 |
| Life Expectancy | -24.3%63.6 yrs | +32.1%84.0 yrs |
| Infant Mortality | +2355.6%44.2 | -95.9%1.8 |
| Literacy Rate | — | — |
| Unemployment | +24.1%3.0% | -19.4%2.5% |
| Capital | Antananarivo | Tokyo |
| Region | Africa | Asia |
| Languages | French, Malagasy | Japanese |
| Currencies | MGA (Ar) | JPY (¥) |
Last updated: March 2026
All data sourced from World Bank Open Data (2025) and REST Countries API. Economic data may reflect most recent available year.
Population Comparison
Japan is 3.9 times more populous than Madagascar, with 123.2M residents compared to 31.7M. Madagascar is a nation of 31.7M people, while Japan is among the world's 15 most populous countries. In terms of population density, Madagascar averages 54 people per km² (moderate), while Japan averages 326 people per km² (dense). Madagascar has grown at 2.61% annually over the past decade. Population growth data is not available for Japan.
Economy Comparison
Madagascar is classified as a low-income economy, while Japan is classified as a high-income economy. The Japan economy ($4.03T) is 231.2 times larger than Madagascar's ($17.4B). Madagascar's GDP per capita of $544.988 is 75% below the regional average of 2,200 for Africa. Japan's GDP per capita of $32,487.078 is 190% above the regional average of 11,200 for Asia. On a per-capita basis, residents of Japan are on average 59.6 times wealthier than those in Madagascar.
Health & Quality of Life
Life expectancy in Madagascar is 63.6 years, compared to 84.0 years in Japan, a gap of 20.4 years. Japan (84.0 years) is 12.0 years above the global average of 72 years, while Madagascar (63.6 years) is 8.4 years below the global average of 72 years. At 44.2 deaths per 1,000 live births, Madagascar's infant mortality is 2356% higher than Japan's 1.8.
Geographic Comparison
Madagascar (587,041 km²) is 1.6 times larger by land area than Japan (377,930 km²). Madagascar shares borders with 0 countries, while Japan borders 0 countries. Madagascar spans 1 timezone, compared to Japan's 1 timezone. Madagascar lies in Africa, while Japan is located in Asia. Madagascar is categorized within the Africa region (Eastern Africa), whereas Japan belongs to Asia (Eastern Asia).
Key Differences
The most significant difference between Madagascar and Japan is in GDP: Madagascar's $17.4B compared to Japan's $4.03T represents a 100% gap. The most significant difference between Madagascar and Japan is in GDP per capita: Madagascar's $544.988 compared to Japan's $32,487.078 represents a 98% gap. The most significant difference between Madagascar and Japan is in infant mortality: Madagascar's 44.2 per 1,000 compared to Japan's 1.8 per 1,000 represents a 96% gap. These disparities reflect the broader structural differences between Madagascar's low-income economy and Japan's high-income economy.
At a Glance: What the Numbers Mean
Living Standards
Japan has a GDP per capita of $32,487.078, which is 59.6x that of Madagascar ($544.988). This gap reflects differences in economic development, industrial structure, and workforce productivity. In practical terms, average purchasing power in Japan is significantly higher, though cost of living differences partially offset the raw income gap.
Population Density
Japan is 6.0x more densely populated than Madagascar (326 vs 54 people per km²). Higher density typically correlates with more urbanization, greater demand for public transit, and higher housing costs. Madagascar's lower density suggests more rural land use and potentially lower urban congestion.
Healthcare and Longevity
Citizens of Japan live an average of 20.4 years longer than those of Madagascar (84.0 vs 63.6 years). This gap reflects differences in healthcare access, nutrition, public health infrastructure, and environmental factors. This is a substantial gap that suggests significant differences in healthcare systems and overall living conditions.
Economic Momentum
Madagascar's economy grew at 4.2% compared to Japan's 0.1%. Both countries show healthy growth, though Madagascar has a modest edge in economic dynamism.
Travel Comparison
Madagascar vs Japan for Families
For family travel, Japan generally edges ahead due to lower infant mortality (1.8 vs 44.2 per 1,000), which is a useful proxy for healthcare infrastructure and child safety. Madagascar offers its own advantages, including more geographic diversity for road trips. Both countries have family-friendly attractions, though Japan's higher GDP per capita typically correlates with better tourist infrastructure, public transport, and English-language availability.
Madagascar vs Japan for Budget Travelers
Madagascar is typically the more budget-friendly destination, with a GDP per capita of $544.988 translating to lower prices for accommodation, food, and local transport. Budget travelers in Madagascar can expect to spend significantly less per day than in Japan. However, Japan may offer better value in specific categories such as intercity transport or package deals. Shoulder season travel in either country helps reduce costs further.
Madagascar vs Japan for Retirees
Japan's life expectancy of 84.0 years suggests stronger healthcare infrastructure, which is a key factor for retirees. Madagascar may offer a lower cost of living, which stretches pension income further. Key considerations for retirees include visa and residency requirements, healthcare access, climate preferences, and proximity to international airports. Both countries have established expat communities, though the specific visa options and healthcare quality vary by region within each country.
Madagascar vs Japan Cost of Living
Japan's GDP per capita is 59.6x that of Madagascar, which generally correlates with a higher cost of living. Housing, dining out, and services tend to be more expensive in Japan, while Madagascar offers more purchasing power per dollar for everyday expenses. However, cost of living varies significantly by city within each country. Major urban centers in Madagascar can approach or exceed average costs in Japan's smaller cities.
Madagascar vs Japan for Digital Nomads
For digital nomads choosing between Madagascar and Japan, key factors include internet infrastructure, visa policies, cost of living, and timezone compatibility with clients. Madagascar spans 1 timezone while Japan covers 1. Madagascar's lower cost of living makes it attractive for stretching remote income. Both countries have growing digital nomad communities, though specific visa requirements for remote workers differ and should be verified before committing to a longer stay.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which is bigger, Madagascar or Japan by population?
Japan is larger by population, with 123.2M residents compared to Madagascar's 31.7M. Japan is 3.9 times more populous than Madagascar.
Which country has a higher GDP, Madagascar or Japan?
Japan has the higher GDP at $4.03T, compared to Madagascar's $17.4B. Japan's economy is 231.2 times larger.
How does life expectancy compare between Madagascar and Japan?
Japan has a higher life expectancy at 84.0 years, compared to Madagascar's 63.6 years. The gap between the two countries is 20.4 years. Madagascar's life expectancy is 8.4 years below the global average of 72 years, while Japan's is 12.0 years above the global average of 72 years.
Which country is larger by area, Madagascar or Japan?
Madagascar is larger by land area, covering 587,041 km² compared to Japan's 377,930 km². Madagascar is 1.6 times larger than Japan.
What languages are spoken in Madagascar and Japan?
Madagascar recognizes the following languages: French, Malagasy. Japan recognizes: Japanese. The two countries do not share an official language.
Which country has lower inflation, Madagascar or Japan?
Inflation data is not available for Madagascar. Japan's inflation rate is 2.7%.
Is Madagascar or Japan better for a family holiday?
For family travel, Japan generally edges ahead due to lower infant mortality (1.8 vs 44.2 per 1,000), which is a useful proxy for healthcare infrastructure and child safety. Madagascar offers its own advantages, including more geographic diversity for road trips. Both countries have family-friendly ...
Is Madagascar or Japan cheaper to visit?
Madagascar is typically the more budget-friendly destination, with a GDP per capita of $544.988 translating to lower prices for accommodation, food, and local transport. Budget travelers in Madagascar can expect to spend significantly less per day than in Japan. However, Japan may offer better value...
Is Madagascar or Japan better for retirement?
Japan's life expectancy of 84.0 years suggests stronger healthcare infrastructure, which is a key factor for retirees. Madagascar may offer a lower cost of living, which stretches pension income further. Key considerations for retirees include visa and residency requirements, healthcare access, clim...
Is Madagascar or Japan more expensive to live in?
Japan's GDP per capita is 59.6x that of Madagascar, which generally correlates with a higher cost of living. Housing, dining out, and services tend to be more expensive in Japan, while Madagascar offers more purchasing power per dollar for everyday expenses. However, cost of living varies significan...
Is Madagascar or Japan better for digital nomads?
For digital nomads choosing between Madagascar and Japan, key factors include internet infrastructure, visa policies, cost of living, and timezone compatibility with clients. Madagascar spans 1 timezone while Japan covers 1. Madagascar's lower cost of living makes it attractive for stretching remote...